The English reformation and the German reformation essentially came to the same results but in very different ways. Whereas the German reformation came about by the spread of the teachings of Luther and the adoption of these teachings by the German people, the English reformation was formed because King Henry VIII wanted a new wife. His current wife had failed to give him a male child and he had fallen in love with Anne Boleyn. The pope would not grant an annulment since he saw there was no grounds for one, so the Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas Cranmer, who had great protestant sympathies, convinced Henry VIII to bypass the pope and get permission from the church in England. This lead to the Henry denying papal authority and declaring himself head of the church in England, though he himself was not a Lutheran and very much still believed in Catholic teachings. The job of making England more protestant was made under Henrys son Edward III and solidified under Queen Elizabeth.

While the protestant reformation was going on a second Catholic Reformation was going on as well, reforming the Catholic to church to have better clergy without corruption and defending Catholic teachings. One important man was St. Ignatius of Loyola who founded the Catholic order of the Jesuits. He wrote a popular book called the Spiritual Exercises, in which he gives rules for every good Catholic to follow. One member of the new Jesuit order was St. Francis Xavier, who was a missionary who travelled to India, Africa, and Japan to spread the Catholic faith. In one of his letters he tells that many people were made Christians and that his hands grew weary of baptizing so many people. If someone was found worshipping idols the children would go and smash and destroy the idols.